Comparative Anatomical Study <i>of Chenopodiastrum murale</i> (L.) S. Fuentes in Different Regions of Al-Anbar Governorate: Stem and Epidermal Variations

Abstract The present research conducted a taxonomic and anatomical study of the stem and upper and lower epidermis of Chenopodiastrum murale in 13 regions within Al-Anbar Governorate - Ramadi. The study included an anatomical examination of the plant parts, specifically the stem and leaves, using light microscopy. A comparative anatomical analysis was performed on samples collected from various regions, including Tash, Al-Jazira, Al-Bufaraj, Al-Bu’aytha, Al-Hamidhiya, Ana, Hit, Al-Qa’im, Rawa, Haditha, Al-Rutba, Fallujah, and Al-Khalidiya. The stomata type was recorded as non-cellular, and the cross-sectional shape of the stem varied across the studied regions. Differences were observed in the shape of stem cells, ranging from circular to semi-circular and elongated circular, additionally, the cell walls of the epidermal layer were convex, while the surface view of the upper and lower epidermis appeared wavy in some samples and semi-wavy in others. These variations are attributed to the differences in the regions from which the samples were collected.