Implementación de la Inteligencia Artificial en los procesos de Salud y Seguridad en el Trabajo

Artificial Intelligence is transforming the Occupational Health and Safety field, offering innovative tools to prevent risks, optimize processes, and improve decision-making. However, its adoption poses ethical, technical, and organizational challenges that require a rigorous and responsible approach. This article explores current trends in implementing Artificial Intelligence and Occupational Health and Safety, identifying opportunities, gaps, and guidelines for its practical use. An integrative review of the literature published between 2020 and 2024 focuses on applications of Artificial Intelligence transforming the Occupational Health and Safety field. Sources include scientific articles, systematic reviews, and case studies indexed in Scopus and Web of Science. Four key trends are discussed: predictive accident prevention, real-time monitoring, inspection automation, and data analytics for continuous improvement. Artificial Intelligence has a significant potential to improve Occupational Health and Safety, standing out in the early identification of risks, process optimization, and accident reduction. However, critical challenges are identified, such as the protection of personal data, transparency of algorithms, and fairness in decision-making. In addition, there is a need for governance frameworks and institutional policies to ensure the ethical and sustainable use of these technologies. Thus, Artificial Intelligence represents an unprecedented opportunity to improve workplace safety and well-being. Still, its success will depend on the organization's ability to address the associated ethical and technical challenges. This article contributes to the academic and practical debate by proposing guidelines for a responsible and effective adoption of Artificial Intelligence and Occupational Health and Safety.