A Novel Method for Controlling Vibration and Noise Using Local Resonant Periodic Structure Block

With the increasing severity of low-frequency noise and vibration issues, traditional vibration and noise reduction technologies often have limited effectiveness in the low-frequency range. This research proposes a new type of localized resonance periodic structure block (LRPB) and systematically investigates its bandgap characteristics and performance in vibration and acoustics, combining theoretical analysis and finite element simulations. First, based on local resonance theory, the bandgap characteristics of infinite periodic structures were calculated using the plane wave expansion method. Next, a computational model of finite periodic structures was established using COMSOL software, and the accuracy of the bandgap characteristics was verified. In addition, this research also explored the key factors affecting vibration transmission characteristics. The results show that the LRPB exhibits significant vibration attenuation within the bandgap frequency range. Particularly under lateral excitation, increasing the number of periodic units, the thickness-to-span ratio, and the cross-sectional dimensions significantly enhances the vibration reduction effect. Further acoustic performance analysis reveals that, compared to traditional concrete barrier, the LRPB demonstrates superior sound insulation performance in the low-frequency range. Notably, in the 0–200 Hz frequency range, it significantly increases sound transmission loss (STL). Finally, vibration and noise reduction studies on ground-based sound barriers indicate that the LRPB has a remarkable vibration and noise reduction effect in practical engineering applications, effectively improving the acoustic environment.