Synthesis of salicylates and assessment of their potential for forest ecosystem restoration

This article examines the effects of salicylates, particularly salicylic acid derivatives, on the germination and early development of thuja seeds as biologically active substances.Various water-soluble salicylates (sodium and potassium salts) and amine-based complex compounds (triethanolamine, isobutylamine) derived from salicylic acid were synthesized.The molecular structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed using infrared (IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral analysis.Their physicochemical properties, including thermal stability and water solubility, were also studied.According to literature data from various researchers, the molecular mechanism of salicylate action involves interaction with phytohormones and activation of antioxidant enzymes, which enhances energy metabolism and stimulates plant growth.Salicylate ions interact with phytohormones such as auxins, gibberellins, and ethylene, regulating the process of awakening seeds and promoting cell growth.Furthermore, salicylates activate enzymes involved in starch reserve breakdown, supplying the developing embryo with the necessary energy.Studies highlight the promising potential of low-dose forms of salicylates (Na + , K + ) and their amine complexes for improving thuja seed germination.It became evident that salicylate concentrations not only stimulate the initial stages of plant growth (seed and stem germination) but also enhance their resistance to stress factors.In this regard, studying the effects of salicylates on biometric indicators and metabolic activity of thuja (Thuja spp.) is especially relevant in the context of green cover restoration and species introduction in the Karabakh region