High-resolution melting analysis of Phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCG1) gene in Vechur and Kasargod cattle of Kerala

Phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCG1) gene is located on chromosome 13 of the cattle genome and consists of 32 exons. It plays a key role in calcium signalling pathways that contribute to disease resistance in cattle. This study was conducted to identify the polymorphisms in the PLCG1 gene in the native cattle of Kerala, namely the Vechur and Kasargod which are known for their disease resistance and adaptability to various agro-climatic conditions of the state. A 139bp fragment located in exon 31 of the PLCG1 gene on chromosome 13 was selected for analysis. High-Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis revealed homozygous CC, AA and heterozygote CA genotypes in both cattle groups. The CA genotype exhibited the highest frequency in both Vechur (0.66) and Kasargod (0.60) cattle. Chi-square analysis indicated that the Vechur cattle population was not in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) (p 0.01), whereas, the Kasargod cattle population was in HWE (p0.05).