Research on the Power Grid Dispatch Strategy Based on the Comprehensive Optimum of Generation Cost and Carbon Emission

The paper analyzes the typical operation conditions of thermal power units and their influencing factors, and constructs a simulation model with the help of artificial intelligence algorithms. Through the training of the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm, a model for the carbon emission per unit output is obtained, realizing the quantitative calculation of the carbon emissions of thermal power units under different operation conditions. With the control objectives of minimizing the power grid operation cost and reducing the carbon emissions to the lowest level, taking into account various operation costs of units and carbon emission situations, and combining the conditions such as active power balance, generation constraints, and energy storage constraints, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adopted for solving, and a comprehensive optimal power grid control strategy is formulated. The case study shows that there are significant differences in the coal consumption for power supply and CO₂ emissions of thermal power units under different load rates. The proposed strategy can achieve comprehensive dispatching, optimize the carbon emission characteristics of the power grid, achieve a good balance between carbon emissions and costs, effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and provide a feasible solution for the low-carbon and economic operation of the power grid.