Uneven access to CAR T-cell therapy: A socioeconomic snapshot across hematologic cancers.
186 Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has transformed treatment for hematologic malignancies, yet real-world access remains variable. Socioeconomic status (SES), a known determinant of healthcare access and insurance coverage, may influence who ultimately receives this high-cost, high-complexity therapy. We analyzed national inpatient data to assess whether SES disparities exist in CAR T utilization across different malignancy types. Methods: We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample (2019–2021) to identify patients who received CAR T-cell therapy (n = 7,475). SES was assessed using national income quartile designations. We evaluated the proportion of CAR T recipients in the lowest income quartile (0–25%) across disease subtypes: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), multiple myeloma (MM), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and other hematologic malignancies. Results: Marked disparities were observed across malignancies (p < 0.01). ALL and DLBCL patients had the highest proportions in the lowest income quartile (20.8% and 17.1%, respectively), while MM, follicular lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma had lower representation (13.9%, 12.9%, and 16.8%). Other malignancy subtypes also showed low representation (12.2%). These patterns may reflect differences in institutional adoption, referral pathways, and payer approval processes across diseases, resulting in variable access for lower-SES patients. Conclusions: Despite broad clinical indications, CAR T-cell therapy use appears unevenly distributed by socioeconomic status. Lower-income patients remain underrepresented across several disease subtypes. Standardizing referral practices, expanding payer support, and improving navigation infrastructure are critical steps toward equitable access to CAR T-cell therapy in oncology.
Authors
- Avi Harisingani
- Anuja Abhyankar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8077-3182)
- Imran Puthawala
- Sidharth Mahajan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9253-8087)
- Gayathri Iyer
- Krishna Doshi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7299-9907)
- Sandeep Guntuku
- Sripada Preetham Kasire (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6873-1021)
- Nandhini Iyer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8767-4870)
Institutions
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (US)
- Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals (IN)
- Jacobi Medical Center (US)
- Mamata Medical College (IN)
- Loyola Medicine (US)
- Government Medical College (IN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- JCO Oncology Practice
- Published
- 2025-10-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1200/op.2025.21.10_suppl.186
- Primary Topic
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00