Evaluation of the Hypoglycemic and Antihyperglycemic Effect of Persea Americana (Lauraceae) Leaves in Wistar Strain Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Persea americana is a plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, which is a real public health problem. This study aims to investigate the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activity of the aqueous extract of Persea americana leaves in Wistar strain rats (Rattus norvegicus). The hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic properties of the aqueous extract were studied respectively through the hypoglycemic activity test in normoglycemic rats and rats subjected to oral glucose tolerance. Data analysis showed that P. americana leaves do not possess hypoglycemic properties compared to glibenclamide, which significantly reduces blood glucose. On the other hand, this extract showed antihyperglycemic properties with a dose-dependent effect. It induced a strong reduction in blood glucose comparable to that caused by glibenclamide at 120 minutes of the experiment. These remained stable and were comparable to those of normoglycemic groups at 180 minutes of the study. The antihyperglycemic activity was highly significant with doses of 200 and 600 mg/kg BW. The initial blood glucose levels at doses of 200 and 600 mg/kg BW decreased from 1.72±0.13 g/l to 0.64±0.04 g/l and from 1.70±0.88 g/l to 0.592±0.00 g/l, respectively, compared to the control groups. These values were comparable to those of s rats.