Study on the Effects of Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion in type ll Diabetic Male Rats

Background: Regardless of the presence of diabetes, the sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor empagliflozin (EMPA) lowers hospitalization and death rates for heart failure after myocardial infarction. Although results point to an innate ability for cardioprotection, the exact mechanism needs more explanation in ischemia and reperfusion injuries.Aim: To clarify role of empagliflozin (SGLT2i) in ischemia and reperfusion injury by reducing infarct size and ameliorating oxidative stress.Methods: This study ws carried out at Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University on 48 albino rats that were divided into 6 groups, Group IA : rats were received d chronic oral vehicle daily for 7 days before ischemia reperfusion . Group IB: Rats receiving oral administration of EMPA 1.5 h before ischemia reperfusion (EMPA-Acute). Group IC: Rats receiving chronic oral EMPA treatment daily for 7 days before ischemia reperfusion (EMPA-Chronic). Group ⅡA: control diabetic rats were received chronic oral vehicle daily for 7 days before ischemia reperfusion. Group ⅡB: Diabetic rats receiving acute oral administration 1.5h before ischemia reperfusion (EMPA-Acute). Group ⅡC: Diabetic rats receiving chronic oral EMPA treatment daily for 7 days before ischemia reperfusion (EMPA-Chronic).Results: There was a significant decrease in infarct size when compared chronic non diabetic with chronic diabetic albino rat groups also there was significant decrease in SOD, MDA in chronic EMPA receiving groups diabetic and non-diabetic.Conclusion: Empagliflozin has a strong role in reducing infarct size and improving oxidative stress in ischemia and reperfusion injury in induced type ll diabetes and non-diabetic rats.