Association of CCR5 gene expression with incidence of polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a heterogeneous and multifactorial endocrine disorder with a complex pathophysiology with an assessed prevalence around 8-13%. This study aimed to investigate CCR5 gene expression and serum protein level, alongside lipid profile and hormonal parameters in PCOS patient. A case control study included 150 blood sample which were enrolled into three groups depending of BMI, Group 1 (50) normal weight PCOS patients, Group 2 (50) obese PCOS patients and Group 3 (50) healthy women (Control). RT-PCR was used to assessed CCR5 gene expression in blood sample and ELISA kits to measured CCR5 protein level. PCOS patients showed increase the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and VLDL, alongside reduced levels of HDL. Furthermore a significantly increase in LH, LH: FSH ratio, AMH and total testosterone, whereas lower level of E2, with no significant difference in FSH values between patient and control. The study shows a differential pattern of CCR5 gene expression and serum protein levels in PCOS subgroups, group 1 exhibited upregulation of CCR5 gene expression was linked with a consistent rise in CCR5 serum protein levels, and both were positively correlated with BMI. In contrast, group 2 subgroup displayed downregulation of CCR5 gene expression and significantly lower CCR5 protein levels, which were negatively correlated with AMH and dyslipidemia parameters. The study's findings confirmed that serum biomarkers evaluated exhibited statistically significant variations in PCOS patients. The CCR5 is a potential immunometabolism marker in PCOS and highlight the interaction between metabolic and immune pathways in the disease’s pathophysiology.