Molecular Insights into Diazinon-Mediated DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress: Impact on Hepatic Enzyme Activity in Albino Rats.

Diazinon, a toxic organic pesticide, is extremely dangerous when discharged into the environment, particularly to aquatic life and terrestrial animals. This study examines the toxicological consequences of diazinon on albino rats were used in a controlled laboratory setting for the investigation. Rats were split into three 3 groups, a control group and two LD50 concentrations, to assess the sub-chronic concentration of LD50. (60 and 300 ppm) over a period of 30 days, where the LD50 value was 588 ppm. The oxidative stress enzymes (CAT and SOD), as well as environmental stress enzymes (MDA), also liver function enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), were examined at 1, 15, and 30 days. Within the last day, DNA damage was evaluated using the comet assay. The findings indicated that both MDA and CAT had significantly increased, in contrast with SOD, which showed a significant decrease after exposure to Diazinon. There was a noticeable rise in DNA damage, as seen by the longer comet tail. These findings highlight diazinon's capacity to harm antioxidant defense mechanisms and to induce oxidative stress and genotoxicity even at sublethal concentrations.