Physical changes during poultry waste composting with coirpith waste and sugarcane top

This study focused on composting dead birds using cage layer manure (CLM) combined with low-cost carbonaceous materials such as coir pith waste and sugarcane tops, and assessing key physical parameters. Mini compost bins (4×4×4 ft) were constructed using wooden planks and loaded with sequential layers of CLM, dead birds and carbon materials. Monitored parameters included temperature profile, peak temperature, odour, fly nuisance, weight and volume reduction. Peak temperatures were reached on the 8th day (56.4 °C) for the coir pith group and the 6th day (59.3 °C) for the sugarcane top group. Thermophilic conditions (> 55 °C) persisted for 12 days in the coir pith group and 23 days in the sugarcane top group. The composting process was completed within 43-53.5 days and remained free from obnoxious odour and fly menace, indicating good hygiene. Coir pith retained more moisture, while sugarcane tops showed higher weight reduction. Overall, the method was effective, eco-friendly and ensured bio-safety through sustained thermophilic conditions.