COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WAYS OF REPRODUCING THE VERB AND ITS GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES IN ENGLISH AND UKRAINIAN LANGUAGES

The article’s authors explore the topical issue of a comparative analysis of the means of reproducing the verb and its grammatical categories in English and Ukrainian. This topic is highly relevant in modern linguistics and language education, as it sheds light on the typological similarities and differences between the two languages. The verb as a part of speech plays a central role in sentence structure and meaning, and its reproduction in different languages reflects deep structural and functional aspects of the language systems under study. The research emphasises the importance of comparative linguistics for theoretical understanding and its practical application in teaching foreign languages. A nationally adapted methodology based on contrastive language learning principles offers significant advantages in the educational process. It increases the effectiveness of learning, enhances memorisation and comprehension, and allows learners to understand better the grammatical and semantic differences between their native language and a foreign one. The comparative approach makes it possible to identify common and divergent features in the morphological and syntactic structures of the English and Ukrainian languages, particularly in the verbal system. Materials derived from the contrastive analysis of grammatical categories may be an effective tool for enhancing the teaching methodology of foreign languages. The structural differences between analytical and synthetic forms, as well as the formation of tenses, aspects, moods, and voice in both languages, are given special attention. The article examines these differences through examples and theoretical explanations, which may serve as a basis for further research in cross-linguistic grammar.