Neurological Complications in Pregnancy

Neurological complications during pregnancy represent a significant clinical concern, accounting for nearly 20% of maternal mortality. These conditions may arise due to pre-existing neurological disorders, pregnancy-induced physiological changes, or rare obstetric emergencies. The spectrum ranges from commonly encountered issues like headaches and carpal tunnel syndrome to life-threatening conditions such as eclampsia, cerebral venous thrombosis, and stroke. Diagnosis and management require a multidisciplinary approach tailored to the unique needs of both mother and foetus, involving careful imaging, laboratory workup, and risk-adjusted therapeutic interventions. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have shown promising potential in feto-maternal care, offering enhanced diagnostic accuracy, real-time monitoring of maternal health, early detection of pregnancy, prediction of complications such as pregnancy induced hypertension and carbohydrate intolerance of pregnancy and increased pregnancy screening. This article reviews the etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies of neurological disorders in pregnancy while also exploring how AI applications are transforming maternal healthcare.