Motivation in Learning English among Thai EFL University Students: Internal vs. External Factors

Acquiring a foreign language presents significant challenges, particularly for individuals with limited exposure in their daily lives. Motivation, therefore, plays a crucial role in facilitating effective language acquisition. This study examines the internal and external motivational factors influencing Thai university students learning English as a foreign language (EFL). The sample consists of 150 Thai freshman students. Data was collected using questionnaires and semi-structured focus group interviews. Findings from both questionnaires and interviews were in the same line by indicating that, on average, participants exhibit a stronger orientation toward extrinsic motivational factors than intrinsic ones. However, both types of motivation are predominantly rated at high to very high levels. Future research is encouraged to investigate further motivational differences based on gender or English proficiency among Thai EFL learners in higher education.