LEGAL SUPPORT OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES: ANALYSIS AND WAYS OF IMPROVEMENT

This scientific article provides a comprehensive analysis of the problematic aspects of legal support for the social protection of persons with disabilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The relevance of the topic under consideration is due to both the need to implement the principle of equal rights and opportunities for all citizens and the state's desire to properly fulfill its international obligations in the field of human rights. Particular importance is attached to the ratification by the Republic of Kazakhstan of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol, which requires the systematic harmonization of national legislation with international standards and best practices. The study is based on an analysis and comparison of the current regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan, international treaties, as well as scientific works by domestic and foreign authors specializing in issues of the legal status of persons with disabilities. The purpose of the article is to identify key problems in the current legislation and to develop reasoned proposals for its improvement, aimed at increasing the effectiveness of legal mechanisms for protecting the rights of persons with disabilities. The study used methods of formal legal, comparative legal, and logical analysis. The work examines theoretical and legal approaches to defining the concepts of «person with a disability» and «child with a disability» with the formulation of possible updated definitions. Particular attention is paid to the problem of discrimination on the basis of disability, including the issue of the need to enshrine it in current legislation. The conclusions and proposals formulated in the article can be used in lawmaking, in the preparation of draft regulatory legal acts, in scientific research, and in law enforcement practice.