A novel targeted formulation for osteoarthritis: exploring synergistic benefits of Cissus quadrangularis, Boswellia serrata, propolis and palmitoylethanolamide

Osteoarthritis (OA) is known as a debilitating form of arthritis that is marked by progressive degradation of cartilage, synovial inflammation, chronic pain, and subchondral bone remodeling. OA causes progressive stiffness and decreased mobility, significantly affecting the overall quality of life of the person affected. In spite of vast research in this area, the present pharmacological interventions are purely symptomatic. Consequently, there is an expanding interest in exploring multidimensional targeting of pathophysiological pathways using natural treatment options, while improving patient compliance by enhancing the safety profile. The current review focuses on a novel, innovative, and conceptual formulation that is designed by the authors with scientific-evidence-packed natural compounds for management of OA. This review aims to evaluate the rationale behind formulating a conceptual novel tablet consisting of Cissus quadrangularis, Boswellia serrata, propolis, and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) for definitive management of OA. To our knowledge, this is the first article to explore this combination which is designed in such a way that it targets oxidative stress, inflammation, cartilage destruction, and pain in OA simultaneously in a synergistic manner. In contrast to conventional treatment options, which primarily provide symptom relief, this novel conceptual formulation could offer analgesic, chondroprotective, and regenerative effects with a reasonable safety profile, making it suitable for long-term use. This formulation has the potential to emerge as an effective and safer alternative for treatment of OA, by helping to bridge the gap between integrative and conventional medicine.