Role of Fecal calprotectin and P-Selectin in intestinal Amoebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica a gastrointestinal protozoa causes amoebiasis, which is spread by contaminated water and food. This study aims to diagnose amoebiasis by using the direct wet smear method and PCR assay to detect E.histolytica and other species, as well as investigate levels of some inflammation markers such as fecal calprotectin and P-selectin in sera patients.: A total of 563 stool samples were collected from patients who attended Ibn Al-Atheer Hospital, Al-Khansaa Hospital, and Al-Salam Hospital in the governorate of Nineveh suffered diarrhoea ( infants and children) in the environment during the period extending from June 2023 to November 2023. The result reversed that out of 563 stool specimens examined by direct smear 100 (18%) the infected with amoebiasis cyst or/and Trophzoite found in fecal samples varying from semi-liquid diarrhea (watery or bloody, mucous together). The PCR technique recorded a rate of 74 (74%) on faecal samples. Infection with the parasite E.histolytica. Out of a total of 100 samples that were positive by microscopic examination, the remaining 26 (26%) samples that were negative by PCR technology may belong to other species of the Entamoeba genus. There was a considerable increase in mean concentrations fecal calprotectin and P-selectin in serum patients .fecal calprotectin levels concentration 200.8±96.6ng/ml, compared to the control group, whose average concentration 39.1±15.3ng/ml. Similarly, P-selectin levels in patients were significantly higher compared to the control group, with a mean of 241.8±102.9ng/mL, and 51.2±16.2ng/ml, respectively. The study showed that Amoeba histolytica is a common pathogen that causes diarrhea among children and infants, and high levels of some intestinal inflammatory indicators in the serum of patients