Estimating the Protective Role of Cynara Cardunculus Extracts by Evaluating Some Biochemical Variables in the Blood Serum of Male Albino Rats with Alloxan-Induced Experimental Diabetes

The current study aims to evaluate the preventive effectiveness of the Cynara cardunculus plant on the concentration of fats and some liver enzymes in the blood serum of a number of male white rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. The study was conducted in the animal house of the Department of Biology at Samarra University and the laboratories of the Department of Biology for the period between from mid-December 2022 to the end of March 2023. 20 male rats were used, ranging in age from 14-16 weeks and weighing from 240-260 grams. They were randomly divided into 4 groups in each group, 5 animals and two agencies: the first group was control, and the second group was diabetic. The third group had diabetes and was treated with the aqueous extract at a concentration of 70 mg/kg, and the fourth group had diabetes and was treated with the alcoholic extract at a concentration of 70 mg/kg. Diabetes was induced in the study rats by injecting them once under the peritoneum with alloxan at a concentration of 120 mg/kg of body weight and dosed with the two aqueous extracts. And alcoholic with a concentration of 70mg/kg for 30 days, and the results were as follows: The group treated with Alloxan showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in the concentration of cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and the liver enzymes Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alanine transaminase (ALT). ) and led to a decrease in the level High-density lipoproteins (HDL-C) compared to the control group. The results of treatment with aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the Cynara cardunculus plant in animals with experimental diabetes show a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the concentration of TC, LDL-C, TG, ALT, and AST. It also leads to increase in HDL-C concentration compared to the control group Patients with diabetes, giving aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the artichoke plant result in increased lipid concentrations and liver metabolism, improved levels of oxidative stress, and increased antioxidants.