Lightweight design of carriage frame based on modal simulation

Modal characteristics are the key basis for evaluating the vibration and noise response of the carriage frame. The finite element technology was used to simulate and calculate the models under no-load and full-load conditions respectively, and the first four modal shapes and natural frequencies under no prestress and prestress conditions were obtained. To ensure that the first natural frequency under full-load conditions is not less than 10 Hz, the carriage frame was lightened based on the multi-objective optimization method. The thicknesses of different components were established as design variables, and the optimal solution meeting the boundary conditions was obtained through the particle swarm algorithm. The results show that through the lightweight design, the model weight can be reduced by 4 % under the premise of meeting the modal standards, providing a scientific method for the targeted optimization of the carriage frame.