Growing Promise of Oncolytic Virotherapy: Opportunities and Pitfalls of NDV In Cancer Therapy

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, largely due to the lack of effective therapeutic options for advanced stages of the disease. Over the past few decades, a variety of cancer treatment regimens have been explored. Among them, oncolytic virus therapy has emerged as an exciting and increasingly prominent field in cancer research. Several oncolytic viruses have been extensively studied, with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) standing out as a particularly promising agent for targeting cancer cells. The NDV exhibits selective cytotoxicity against tumour cells and is also capable of stimulating immune responses. Numerous strategies have been developed to employ NDV as a virotherapeutic agent, yielding variable outcomes. This paper reviews the various aspects of NDV virotherapy in human cancers, highlighting recent advancements and progress in clinical trials.