QSHS: an axion dark matter resonant search apparatus
Abstract We describe a resonant cavity search apparatus for axion dark matter constructed by the quantum sensors for the hidden sector collaboration. The apparatus is configured to search for QCD axion dark matter, though also has the capability to detect axion-like particles, dark photons, and some other forms of wave-like dark matter. Initially, a tuneable cylindrical oxygen-free copper cavity is read out using a low noise microwave amplifier feeding a heterodyne receiver. The cavity is housed in a dilution refrigerator (DF) and threaded by a solenoidal magnetic field, nominally 8 T. The apparatus also houses a magnetic field shield for housing superconducting electronics, and several other fixed-frequency resonators for use in testing and commissioning various prototype quantum electronic devices sensitive at a range of axion masses in the range 2.0– <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>40</mml:mn> <mml:mstyle scriptlevel="0"/> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>eV</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mstyle scriptlevel="0"/> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">c</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . The apparatus as currently configured is intended as a test stand for electronics over the relatively wide frequency band attainable with the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>TM</mml:mtext> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>010</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> cavity mode used for axion searches. We present performance data for the resonator, DF, and magnet, and plans for the first science run.
Authors
- P. J. Meeson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-3985)
- Anton V. Sokolov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2546-910X)
- E.J. Romans (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-9477)
- G. Carosi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0130-6979)
- E. A. Laird (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9589-127X)
- Joshoua Condicion Esmenda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4869-4470)
- Searbhán Ó Peatáin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5563-9301)
- Milagro Reig (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8593-8484)
- S. Sarkar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3542-858X)
- E. J. Daw (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3780-5430)
- Yu. A. Pashkin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4767-8217)
- Boon-Kok Tan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6252-9351)
- N. Du (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-6664)
- Edward Hardy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3263-6575)
- Stephen R. Durham (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5264-6207)
- G. Gregori (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4153-0628)
- Michèle Piscitelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2542-9394)
- John Gallop (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6303-6033)
- I. Bailey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8020-3662)
- M. E. Perry (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1600-6856)
- Peter Leek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-5642)
- Ning‐Ning Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5206-1911)
- Liang Hao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2071-7044)
- S. Withington (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3389-2810)
- Tom Godfrey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0453-8460)
- Gavin Chapman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3513-723X)
- Jane Halliday (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6206-3857)
- C. Mostyn
- B. Chakraborty (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3679-3603)
- Paul Julian Smith (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0648-3766)
- Stephen M. West (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-9417)
- T. Gamble
- John March-Russell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-0530)
- A Alsulami
- A Sundararajan
Institutions
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
- National Physical Laboratory (GB)
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Royal Holloway University of London (GB)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- London Centre for Nanotechnology (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Institute of Theoretical Physics (CN)
- University College London (GB)
- Lancaster University (GB)
- University of Sheffield (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- New Journal of Physics
- Published
- 2025-10-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ae0756
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.87