Modern Strategies for Surgical Treatment of Giant Macular Holes

INTRODUCTION. Macular degenerative changes are one of the main etiological causes of visual dysfunction in the adult population. AIM. To spend a systematic analysis of the domestic and foreign literature on surgical treatment of giant macular holes. The review was performed on the basis of a systematic analysis of scientific publications by domestic and foreign authors on the surgical treatment of giant macular holes published on the PubMed, MedLine, eLibrary resources from 1990 to 2024. As part of many-year observations of surgical intervention for giant macular holes, the absence of a universal treatment method was confirmed. Scientific work continues with the purpose to improve the procedures for repair of macular holes, taking into account the time aspect of the disease and morphometric data obtained using optical coherence tomography. CONCLUSION: The key task remains the development of microinvasive technologies with minimal traumatic impact on the retina, which helps to improve functional outcomes. The introduction of such techniques can significantly improve the effectiveness of therapy and the quality of life of patients.