Evaluation Of Mandibular Morphology In Different Facial Types A Retrospective Cephalometric Study

This study aimed to assess and compare mandibular morphology among different facial patterns in individuals with skeletal Class II malocclusion using lateral cephalograms. This retrospective study was performed on 150 patients aged 16–25 years diagnosed with skeletal Class II malocclusion. Based on the Frankfort Mandibular Plane Angle (FMA), they were categorized into three groups of 50 patients each: Group I – Normodivergent (FMA 23–27°), Group II – Hypodivergent (FMA <23°), and Group III – Hyperdivergent (FMA >27°). Pretreatment lateral cephalograms were evaluated to analyze mandibular morphology in these groups. The results of the study showed that Hyperdivergent group showed notably increased values for the Mandibular plane angle, Gonial angle, Y-axis angle, Mandibular anterior alveolar basal height (MdAABH), Antegonial notch depth (AN), and Symphysis height (SH). However, decreased measurements were observed for the SNA angle, SN-Pog angle, Symphysis depth (SD), Ramus height (RH), and Ramus width (RW). In contrast Hypodivergent showed opposite tendency while Normodivergent showed well balanced mandible. The study concluded that variations in facial types are closely associated with mandibular morphology and dentoalveolar characteristics. Recognizing these relationships is valuable in both diagnosis and treatment of malocclusion cases.