PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION IN UKRAINE

Principles of public administration of freight transportation in UkraineThe article provides a comprehensive analysis of the essence and role of principles in legal regulation, as well as their significance for the formation of the modern legal system of Ukraine.It is shown that the principles of law represent fundamental foundations that determine the unity, integrity, and orientation of the system, based on the ideas of justice, humanism, equality, and freedom.It is emphasized that they do not establish direct rights or obligations but perform the function of guidelines for law-making and law enforcement practice, serving as a tool for filling gaps in the law and enhancing the level of legal culture.Special attention is paid to the classification of principles by scope, content, and normative expression, which makes it possible to distinguish general, inter-branch, sectoral, institutional, and universal (civilizational) foundations.The role of principles in administrative law is revealed, where they form standards for the activity of public administration bodies, promote transparency, accountability, and predictability of actions, as well as ensure a balance between public interests of the state and human rights.In administrative proceedings, the principles of the rule of law, adversarial nature, equality, and openness act as key procedural guarantees of effective judicial control, in line with European standards and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights.Particular attention is paid to the principles of good governance, which determine modern standards of public administration, including openness, transparency, participation, innovation, and efficiency, thereby strengthening citizens' trust in the state and reducing the risks of corruption practices.They ensure the balance of the parties' interests, the justification of contractual obligations, and the moral acceptability of participants' behavior, excluding the possibility of abuse of rights.It is shown that thanks to such principles, the internal unity of civil law is formed, along with its ability to selfregulate and effectively adapt to social changes.In the field of railway transportation, emphasis is placed on harmonization and liberalization in line with European integration processes, the imperative nature of contractual obligations, legal equality of parties, and the rational use of transport resources.