A Case Report: Liver and Splenic Abscess Caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei

Abstract Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease in India which presents with febrile illness ranging from septicemia to localized abscess formation. We present a case of a 61-year-old male who presented with fever of almost 2 months' duration, persistent pneumonia, and liver and splenic abscesses. Aspiration of hepatic fluid collection and subsequent culture yielded Gram-negative bacilli, which was identified as Burkholderia pseudomallei. He was treated successfully with surgical drainage of abscess and prolonged course of intravenous and oral antibiotics. So, in cases of pyogenic liver abscess not responding to conventional antibiotics, B. pseudomallei should always be thought as a possible cause, which can be identified by its characteristic appearance on culture and microscopy and accurately identified by automated identification systems.