SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF CATALYSTS BASED ON AMORPHOUS METAL NANOPARTICLES

This work, which is mainly a review, discusses synthesis, structure and properties of catalysts comprising deposited amorphous metal nanoparticles. Considered are physical principles and features of the laser electrodispersion (LED) technique, which allows production of amorphous Pt, Pd, Ni, Cu, Au nanoparticles, as well as amorphous alloy particles such as NiPd, NiMo, NiW and deposition them on oxide, carbon and zeolites carriers. The results of studies of the catalysts structure are presented and catalysts behavior in the processes of hydrogenation, isomerization, addition, cross-coupling and others are discussed. The extremely high specific activity and stability of LED catalysts is considered in relation with the amorphous state of metal nanoparticles.