The Nature of Time-Related Idioms as A Reflection of Cultural Code (Based on The Material of Kazakh, Russian and English Languages)

The article deals with phraseological units related to the concept of time in Kazakh, Russian and English languages. Non-linguisticfactors that are taken into account when creating stable expressions related to the concept of time are background knowledge and cultural associations. Semantic analysis of phraseological units related to the concept of time allows conducting a comparative study of the Kazakh, Russian and English languages. During the study, stable expressions related to the concept of time were divided into integral terms and differential terms. The subject of the article is time-related phraseological unitsfrom thetrilogy “Nomads” by I.Esenberlin. During the analysis of the work of art, a number of stable, synonymous word combinations in Kazakh, Russian and English languages within the framework of the overall theme are established. On the basis of differential semantics, the peculiarities of the background knowledge of each language are determined. Cultural and linguistic features of each ethnic group are analyzed by classifying stable expressions into semantic and semantic groups. The methodology of the research article consists of the comparative methodto identify the similarities and differences of Kazakh, Russian and English idioms; a lexicographical method to analyze the definition of idioms; a semantic method in analyzing time-related idioms, and an ethnolinguistic method to determine the origin of phraseological units. The value of the conducted research lies in the analysis of phraseological units within the framework of the concept of “cultural code”. Phraseologisms related to time in the national picture of the world are defined as background knowledge, as “cultural code”. The practical significance of the study is determined by the following functions of phraseological units related to time in the artistic work: 1) expression of national knowledge; 2) cultural association; 3) semantic row.