Impact of Fasting on Maternal and Fetal Well Being in Comparison with Non-Fasting Mothers

Background: Fasting during pregnancy, particularly during Ramadan, is widely practiced among Muslim women despite religious exemptions. Its impact on maternal and fetal outcomes remains a topic of debate. Objective: to evaluate and contrast the impact of fasting on the health of the mother and fetus during pregnancy with that of women who do not fast. Methods: 120 pregnant women (60 fasting and 60 non-fasting) participated in a qualitative comparison study at a Quetta tertiary care hospital. Maternal and fetal factors were evaluated using clinical records and in-depth interviews. Results: Mothers who fasted had somewhat lower birth weights (3075g vs. 3202g) and greater anemia rates (60% vs. 45%). Fatigue and vertigo were frequent symptoms. There were noticeable nutritional deficits, particularly in water and iron intake. Conclusion: This study found minor yet notable effects of maternal fasting during pregnancy, including reduced birth weight, amniotic fluid, weight gain, and increased fatigue, dizziness, and reduced fetal movements. Most outcomes stayed within normal ranges. Proper monitoring, hydration, and nutrition are essential. Fasting may be safe in low-risk pregnancies with supervision, but individualized risk assessment is crucial.