Optimization of Performance Analysis of Refrigeration System Using Hybrid Nanolubricants: A Response Surface Methodology Approach

ABSTRACT This study explores the improvement of the performance of refrigeration systems by adding aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles to compressor oil and studying their impact through Response Surface Methodology. The nanoparticles increase the thermophysical characteristics of the refrigerant–lubricant mixture, which results in better cooling performance and energy efficiency. The study examines how shifting Al 2 O 3 and ZnO concentrations and capillary tube lengths affect crucial performance metrics, such as net refrigeration effect, mass flow rate, work of compression, and Coefficient of Performance (COP). Experimental results, supported by mathematical models and three‐dimensional response surface plots, show that the ideal nanoparticle concentrations and capillary tube lengths considerably improve system performance. A concentration of 0.15% Al 2 O 3 and a capillary length of 9 mm gives the highest COP, while excessive concentrations led to agglomeration and reduced efficiency. ZnO nanoparticles improved heat absorption and dissipation, with optimal performance observed at a concentration of 0.05%. This study illustrates the capability of hybrid nanolubricants to attain maximum thermal performance and energy efficiency in refrigeration systems. The results are significant contributions to the design of next‐generation refrigeration systems that reimburse contemporary energy and environmental conditions, highlighting the significance of nanoparticle concentration as well as capillary tube optimization.