A comparative review of LLM-based conversational systems: insights from DeepSeek, ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, and Copilot

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the development of sophisticated large language models (LLMs), each designed with unique capabilities and intended applications. As multiple technology vendors compete in this space, understanding the strengths and limitations of their models is critical for informed adoption. This study conducts a comparative analysis of leading AI-driven LLM-based conversational systems such as DeepSeek, ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, and Copilot, evaluating their distinct functionalities and practical use cases. By examining key features, this research provides insights into their effectiveness for diverse applications, highlighting advantages and trade-offs inherent to each system.