Hashimoto Tiroiditinde Beslenme Stratejileri: Diyet Modelleri ve Takviye Uygulamaları

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland and is common in women. The dietary habits of patients generally tend towards Western-type diets. Patients are generally malnourished regarding energy, omega-3 fatty acids, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals. In addition, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, anemia, and gastrointestinal symptoms are frequently observed in these patients. The occurrence of nutritional deficiencies in HT may exacerbate the disease. Therefore, appropriate nutritional therapy can help regulate the immune system, reduce inflammation, and improve overall health. In these patients, nutritional therapy should be planned in line with their symptoms and other diseases, considering their eating habits, physical and social environment, and psychological status. Energy balance should be adjusted according to individual needs, especially foods containing healthy fats and high fiber, which should be preferred, and consumption of processed foods should be avoided. Micronutrient deficiencies should be eliminated; however, caution should be exercised about excessive use of dietary supplements in patients with HT, and dietary supplements should not be recommended if the patient does not have nutrient deficiencies or if adequate intake of nutrients can be achieved with nutritional therapy. Although there is no conclusive evidence in the literature that gluten- or lactose-free diets benefit these patients, dietitians may evaluate these diets in appropriate patients.