Calculation and Design of High-Vacuum Cyclotron Accelerator Systems Using Finite Element Modeling

When conducting research on the properties of materials and electronic components, powerful streams of accelerated particles generated by cyclotron accelerators are often used. The functioning of these complexes, which have a complicated system of vacuum units in their design, critically depends on maintaining an ultra-high vacuum in them. The purpose of this work was finite element modeling and analysis of the distribution of residual gas inside the vacuum chamber of the cyclotron to determine the shortcomings of the system and define the possibilities for improving the design. The pumped volume has a complex geometry and when modeling, it is necessary to take into account not only the dimensions of the chamber, but also the components located inside, as well as the physical properties of the chamber surfaces, which affect the processes of diffusion and gas release. The conducted modeling allowed to identify several important aspects that require further optimization, in particular, the need to replace the used pipeline with a structure with a large diameter in a critical section of the system.