Variations in Biochemical Parameters During Different Stages  of Gestation in Pregnant Cows

The aim of this study was to determine the values of some metabolites, ions, and enzymes in maternal blood serum in relation to gestation day in cattle. The maternal blood samples were collected. The cows were divided according to gestation months into four groups: non pregnant, (n=26), under 3 months pregnancy (n=5), between 3- and 6-months pregnancy (n=4) and over 6 months (n=5). Gestation had no statistically significant effect (P>0.05) in any of the studied groups. As pregnancy progresses, maternal serum biochemical parameters underwent various changes. Glucose levels in pregnant cows showed a gradual decrease until the final trimester of gestation. Similarly, cholesterol and triglyceride levels followed a decreasing pattern before exhibiting a slight increase in the final trimester. Total protein levels demonstrated a gradual increase until the final trimester in pregnant cows. Creatinine and urea values remained within normal limits across all study groups. In terms of liver function parameters, only alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed elevated levels above the reference range during the last two trimesters of gestation. Finely, for electrolyte measurement no change revealed. The study of blood parameters during pregnancy permits a useful tool that improves the accuracy of blood test interpretation in bovine medicine.