INTEGRAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL OF WINTER RYE VARIETIES BASED ON TECHNOLOGICAL TRAITS OF GRAIN QUALITY

The results of a comparative study of 10 varieties of winter rye grown in a wide range of weather conditions in 2015-2024 are presented. The aim of the study was to study the ecological variation (CV), phenotypic stability (PS), and ecological plasticity (BI) of four technological traits: falling number (FN), amylogram height (AH), aqueous extract viscosity (AEV), and gelatinization peak temperature (GPT). A comparative test was carried out on plots of 12 m2 in a triple repetition with a seeding rate of 500 grains per 1 m2. The highest grain quality was found in the GC-494hv population, which was previously screened for the high viscosity of the aqueous extract of the grain meal. On the trait FN this population was distinguished by a relatively low coefficient of ecological variation (CV=27.7 %), had higher phenotypic stability (PS=2.5) and was characterized by increased buffering to various weather conditions (bi=0.81). It was shown that the traits of FN and AH varied greatly over the years, and therefore turned out to be phenotypically unstable and low-heritable (Н2=0.20 and Н2=0.34). The trait AEV turned out to be more environmentally stable, which is well inherited (H2=0.64) and can serve as a reliable guideline for grain quality improvement. A negative correlation has been established between the quality characteristics and the adaptability parameters CV and PS. This correlation was most strongly manifested between FN and CV (r= -0.84 ± 0.10). It is concluded that targeted selection for a high falling number will correlatively increase environmental sustainability and phenotypic stability of grain quality characteristics.