IDENTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE PHYTOCHEMICALS IN MOMORDICA CHARANTIA FRUIT METHANOLIC EXTRACT BY GC–MS: INSIGHTS INTO POTENTIAL BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

This study discusses the bioactive composition of methanolic extraction and biological activities of Momordica charantia. Dried fruit slices of 100% pure organic Momordica charantia fruit were used in the preparation of methanolic extract by soxhlet extractor device. The GC-MS Profiling was performed. The separation product was analyzed based on the resulting mass spectra, and compared with a database of reference spectra (NIST20.L) library to identify the chemical compounds present in the extract. Different chemical constituents were contributed to the final phytochemical profile, which enhances the phytochemical profiles identified in previous studies of Momordica charantia fruit, the major constituents in this study included: 6-pentylpiperidin-2-one; 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester; Myo-Inositol, 4-C-methyl-; 1-Methyl-5-fluorouracil; 1,3,5,7-Tetroxane; Butanenitrile, 4-(dimethylamino)-; 1,4-Butanediamine, 2,3-dimethoxy-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-, [S-(R*,R*)]-; Propane, 2-fluoro-2-methyl-; n-Hexadecanoic acid; Phenethyl alcohol, 2,5-dihydroxy-.alpha.-methyl-, (-)-; and Maltol. The potential components and its derivatives were confirmed to have important biological effects for health such as antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antimalarial, antipyretic, antitumor applications. These biological effects of the methanolic extract of Momordica charantia fruit can directly affect human health. The results of this study are essential, as they can inform subsequent research into the extraction of bioactive components from Momordica charantia and their uses.