Prevalence and structure of inflammatory periodontal tissue lesions in young individuals

Background. Among patients of younger age groups, there is an increase in the prevalence of inflammatory pathological processes in periodontal tissues. Studying the epidemiological indicators of such diseases will allow to establish the aetiological factors of their development, as well as proposing advanced methods for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. Purpose – to determine the prevalence and structure of inflammatory lesions of periodontal tissues in young individuals. Materials and Methods. Clinical and radiological examinations were conducted among 350 higher education students aged 17 to 21, who were divided into five groups according to age. Group I included 45 higher education students aged 17, group II included 50 students aged 18, group III included 78 students aged 19, group IV included 84 patients aged 20, and group V included 93 students aged 21. A specially developed examination protocol was completed for each patient. The results of the prevalence of periodontal disease were presented in absolute numbers and percentages for each age group of patients. Results. According to the examination results, 89,1% of younger patients were diagnosed with periodontal disease. The lowest prevalence rates of inflammatory lesions of periodontal tissues were found in individuals in age groups I and II (64,4% and 76,0%, respectively). The proportion of patients with periodontal disease in the III age group was 89,7%. The highest prevalence rates were found in age group IV (97,6%) and age group V (100%). Chronic localised catarrhal gingivitis and localised periodontitis predominated in the distribution of inflammatory lesions of periodontal tissues. Conclusions. The prevalence of inflammatory periodontal lesions in young patients increases with age from 64,4% to 100%. The high prevalence of inflammatory periodontal tissue lesions in young people requires increased attention to improving methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of such pathologies.