Prader-Willi Syndrome, Oral and Dental Findings with a Multidisciplinary Care and Management Case Report

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder that affects both males and females equally, causing a broad range of physical, cognitive, and behavioural challenges. Patients exhibited symptoms including low muscle tone, hyperphagia, and increased risk of obesity. PWS has three different molecular genetic classes. The most common cause is the deletion of the paternal copy of chromosome 15q11-q13. Healthcare providers are likely to observe mild cognitive impairment and behavioural problems, such as self-injury, compulsions, and sudden outbursts during diagnosis. Currently, there are no approved therapeutics for managing PWS; however, controlling hyperphagia and improving food-related complications are proposed as effective strategies. A ten-year-old Arab male diagnosed with PWS attended the orthodontic clinic, presenting with concerns about the appearance of his teeth. Clinical examination revealed a high palatal arch, dysmorphic features, a slightly arched foot, and extremely fisted fingers, indicative of developmental abnormalities. The patient underwent an EEG, which revealed epileptiform discharges in the frontal-temporal region, and an EMG for seizure evaluation. Additionally, dental examination revealed severe tooth wear on the maxillary permanent central incisors and the mandibular molars bilaterally.