The The Difference in Average Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) Before and After Diabetic Foot Exercise in the Working Area of Simpang Kawat Public Health Center Jambi City

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is one of the chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus that can be identified through the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI). A low ABI score indicates impaired blood flow in the lower extremities. Diabetic foot exercise is a non-pharmacological intervention that can improve peripheral circulation. This study aimed to determine the difference in average ABI before and after the implementation of diabetic foot exercise in type 2 diabetes patients at the Simpang Kawat Public Health Center in Jambi City. This quantitative research used a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. A total of 35 respondents were selected through purposive sampling based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The intervention involved diabetic foot exercises performed twice weekly over a period of one week. ABI values were measured using a vascular Doppler device before and after the intervention, and data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test. The results showed a significant increase in mean ABI scores from 0.89 to 0.94 in both lower limbs. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (p < 0.001), and the effect size was large (d = 1.39 for the right extremity, d = 1.28 for the left), indicating the strong effectiveness of the intervention. In conclusion, diabetic foot exercise significantly improves peripheral blood circulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and can be recommended as part of routine diabetes self-care management.