Pediatric Facial Fractures: Diagnostic Imaging, Dental Treatment, and Perioperative Nursing

Background: Pediatric facial fractures, though less common than in adults, pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the unique anatomical and developmental characteristics of the growing facial skeleton. These injuries often result from age-specific trauma mechanisms and carry risks of long-term functional and aesthetic consequences. Aim: This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the etiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of pediatric facial fractures, emphasizing multidisciplinary care and age-appropriate strategies. Methods: A detailed literature-based review was conducted, integrating current clinical practices in pediatric trauma, radiology, dentistry, and nursing. The article synthesizes anatomical, epidemiological, and procedural data to guide evaluation and treatment. Results: Facial fractures in children vary by age and mechanism, with nasal and mandibular fractures being most prevalent. Imaging, particularly low-dose CT with 3D reconstruction, is essential for accurate diagnosis. Conservative management is often preferred due to high remodeling potential, while surgical intervention is reserved for displaced, function-threatening, or cosmetically significant fractures. Multidisciplinary coordination—including dental, surgical, ophthalmologic, and nursing teams—is critical for optimal outcomes. Long-term follow-up is necessary to monitor growth disturbances, malocclusion, and psychosocial effects. Conclusion: Pediatric facial fractures require age-specific assessment and collaborative care. Early diagnosis, appropriate imaging, and tailored treatment strategies improve functional recovery and minimize long-term complications.