Kitlesel Olaylarda Kullanılan Saha Triyaj Sistemleri

Introduction: Mass casualty events occur suddenly, and these events almost always take place in the immediate vicinity, leading to the simultaneous injury of thousands of people. In mass casualty situations, healthy human resources and other materials are limited. Trauma or field triage systems are used in many centers to maximize the protection of patients' and casualties' lives and to prevent disabilities.Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate triage principles that could be more beneficial in mass casualty situations and to examine the existing triage models.Method: Publications in the literature were reviewed according to the PRISMA 2020 checklist. A literature search was conducted using Web of Science (WOS), Google Scholar, ULAKBIM, PubMed Free Full Text, and YÖKTEZ search engines, applying both Turkish and English keywords. The search covered relevant academic publications from 2020 to the present, sorted by publication date. This process led to the inclusion of 10 Turkish-language and 131 English-language academic papers. After filtering by abstracts and titles, and including a content review in the introduction section, 56 academic publications were analyzed for this study.Results: Literature review revealed that there are many triage systems in place, but it was found that these systems often face challenges in terms of under-triage and over-triage rates, which limit their effectiveness in providing benefit. The fundamental triage systems commonly recognized include color classification, the Emergency Severity Index Triage (ESI), and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Triage systems that have been identified as effective in terms of reducing under-triage and over-triage rates were noted.Conclusion: Triage systems play a critical role in the emergency management of mass casualty events. The effective use of triage systems can enhance the resilience of the healthcare system and contribute to achieving better outcomes in mass casualty situations.