MAHANIMBA (MELIA AZEDARACH LINN.): A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF ITS AYURVEDIC IMPORTANCE, PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITU-ENTS AND MODERN PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL.

Background: Mahanimba (Melia azedarach Linn.) commonly known as Bakayan is a medicinal plant widely recognized in Traditional Ayurvedic medicine, used for the management of Haemorrhoids, Chronic kidney dis-ease/kidney stones, arthritis and asthmatic attacks. It is classified under Adhobhagahara Dravya in classical texts and has been described as effective in enhancing urinary output, reducing inflammation, and relieving ail-ments of the lower abdomen. Objective: To conduct a comprehensive review of Mahanimba based on classical Ayurvedic references and modern scientific studies, focusing on its phytochemical composition and pharmaco-logical actions. Methods: This narrative review incorporates data from classical Ayurvedic literature, including the Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Phytochemical and pharmacological profiles of Mahanimba were reviewed from the API and various Databases of Indian Medicinal Plants, highlight-ing their bioactive compounds and their detoxifying qualities, diuretic activity, and renal protective effects. Both classical and modern findings were compiled and critically analysed. Results: Phytochemical analysis of Ma-hanimba reveals the presence of steroids, glycosides, flavonoids, and tannins in the leaf & root. These com-pounds contribute to its reported actions, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antibacterial, hepato-protective, and antioxidant effects. Clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated their role in improving renal function, including CKD, and managing urinary tract conditions. Conclusion: Mahanimba is a potent Ayurvedic drug with multifaceted therapeutic uses. Its classical indications correlate strongly with contemporary pharmacological evidence, particularly in the management of Haemorrhoids, Urinary disorders and Inflamma-tion. However, more extensive clinical trials are needed to validate its efficacy and standardize its applications in integrative medicine.