Karakteristik dermoskopi pada pasien karsinoma sel basal di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin Rumah Sakit Ngoerah Denpasar periode Januari 2022 – Desember 2023

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer in Indonesia and can be destructive. Dermoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic tool with good sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing BCC. This study aimed to evaluate BCC patients' characteristics and dermoscopy in Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Method: A retrospective descriptive study using secondary data of BCC patients enlisted during January 2022 - December 2023 at Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic. Subject selection with total sampling, in which BCC patients were confirmed through histopathological examination. We evaluated the characteristics of the subject and the dermoscopic features descriptively. Results: A total of 27 BCC patients enrolled with a mean age of 63.37 years, predominantly female (70.4%), worked outdoors (77.8%), and had a predilection on the nasal area (25.9%). The type of BCC is predominantly pigmented (51.9%) and size ≤2 cm (66.7%). The dermoscopic features of all subjects were short fine telangiectasis (100%) and dominantly arborizing vessels (77,8%). Shiny white blotches and strands (87.5%), and shiny white-red structureless backgrounds (62.3%) were dominantly found in nodular BCC. In pigmented BCC, the most common features were multiple blue-gray globules (85.7%), brown dots (57.1%), and blue-whitish veil (64.3%). In mixed BCC, the most common features were multiple blue-gray globules (80%), large blue-gray ovoid nest (80%), ulceration (80%), and blue-whitish veil (80%). Conclusion: Dermoscopic examination could help establish the diagnosis of BCC with features of vascular structures, pigmentation, shiny white structures, and other structures. Therefore, excision and histopathologic examination could be recommended as soon as possible. Latar belakang: Karsinoma sel basal (KSB) merupakan kanker kulit paling umum di Indonesia dan dapat bersifat destruktif. Dermoskopi saat ini menjadi alat bantu diagnostik non-invasif dengan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang baik untuk mendiagnosis KSB. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi karakteristik pasien dan dermoskopi pasien KSB di RS Ngoerah, Denpasar, Bali. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data sekunder pasien KSB yang terdata selama periode Januari 2022 – Desember 2023 di Poliklinik Dermatologi dan Venereologi. Pemilihan subjek dengan total sampling yaitu pasien KSB yang terkonfirmasi melalui pemeriksaan histopatologi mengevaluasi karakteristik subjek serta gambaran dermoskopinya secara deskriptif. Hasil: Sebanyak 27 subjek KSB dengan rerata usia yaitu 63,37 tahun dan didominasi perempuan (70,4%), bekerja di luar ruangan (77,8%), dan predileksi area nasal (25,9%). Tipe KSB didominasi tipe berpigmen (51,9%) dan ukuran ≤ 2 cm (66,7%). Gambaran dermoskopi seluruh subjek ditemukan short fine telangiectasia (100%) dan dominan arborizing vessels (77,8%). Pada KSB nodular dominan ditemukan shiny white blotches and strands (87,5%) dan shiny white-red structureless background (62,5%). Pada KSB berpigmen dominan ditemukan multiple blue-gray globules (85,7%), brown dots (57,1%) dan blue-whitish veil (64,3%). Sementara KSB campuran dominan ditemukan multiple blue-gray globules (80%), large blue-gray ovoid nest (80%), ulserasi (80%) dan blue-whitish veil (80%). Simpulan: Pemeriksaan dermoskopi dapat membantu menegakkan diagnosis KSB dengan gambaran karakteristik khas pada struktur vaskuler, pigmentasi, shiny white structure, dan struktur lainnya. Sehingga dapat merekomendasikan melakukan eksisi dan pemeriksaan histopatologi lebih cepat.