Clinical profiles and evaluation of HLA-B27 related anterior uveitis in 2018 – 2023 at JEC Eye Hospitals and Clinics

Background: Uveitis is an ocular inflammation that can lead to blindness. Half of uveitis patients test positive for Human Leukocyte Antigen B27 (HLA-B27). This study aims to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with HLA-B27-related anterior uveitis at JEC Eye Hospitals and Clinics. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study involving 79 patients with a diagnosis of HLA-B27 related anterior uveitis who were referred to the ocular inflammation and Immunology service at JEC Eye Hospitals and Clinics in Menteng, Kedoya, Tambora, Primasana, Bekasi and Cibubur, from January 2018 to December 2023, Jakarta, Indonesia. The data in this study were obtained from secondary data from patient medical records. The data is then entered and processed in tables on SPSS 24 for Windows. Results: There were 79 patients with a mean age of 42.3 years, 40-49 years old (30.4%), and a male-to-female ratio of 3:1. Most of them worked as private (64.6%). Alternating of affecting eye 55,7%, The most common feature of inflammation is posterior synechiae 34,2%, HLA-B27 typing result is 40,5%, with acute onset and limited duration. Most of the patients had recurrence twice a year (59.5%), and 82,3% had Ankylosing spondylitis. The visual acuity increased in the mean from 15 ± 0,39 before therapy to 0,07 ± 0,31 after treatment. The most complications experienced by patients were complicated cataracts in 20 patients. In patients with HLA-B27, most patients get methylprednisolone 34,4%. The duration of given methylprednisolone was 3.07 weeks. Conclusion: HLA-B27-related anterior uveitis has a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Treatment with systemic steroids, DMARDs, biologic agents, or combination therapy can improve visual acuity.