Potential effect of synbiotic supplementation for obesity: a systematic review

Background: Numerous factors contribute to the complex metabolic condition known as obesity. Recent research has suggested that the synbiotic plays an important role in metabolism and the incidence of obesity. This study aims to perform a thorough literature analysis of earlier research on the effects of synbiotic supplementation on obese individuals conducted within the last ten years. Methods: The PRISMA guidelines were used to perform this systematic review. We systematically searched PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases using the following keywords: gut microbiota OR intestinal microbiota AND synbiotic AND obesity. The risk of bias instrument for randomized trials (RoB 2.0) assesses quality on five dimensions. The score will be divided into three categories: high danger, considerable worry, and low risk. Results: We found a total of 653 literature from three databases, which then narrowed to only 10 articles that had undergone qualitative analysis. Compared to placebo, several anthropometry parameters, including body mass index, were significantly reduced in obese individuals supplemented with synbiotics. Compared to the placebo group, where symbionts were more prevalent in the gut microbiome, the makeup of the gut microbiota was also considerably altered. Several lipid and metabolic disease markers also found to be significantly reduced were fat mass, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein. Other significantly changed parameters in the synbiotic group were inflammatory cytokines of IgA, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, hs-CRP, lipopolysaccharides, and quinolinic acid levels. Conclusion: Synbiotic supplementation can give weight loss, improved lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers in obese patients.