Tackling Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella: Innovations for Food Safety and Sustainability

Salmonella, a major foodborne pathogen, causes 93.8 million gastroenteritis cases annually. This review examines global outbreaks (e.g. 2021 Peaches outbreak and the 2022 Ferrero's) serotype epidemiology (Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis), and survival factors (pH, water activity). Novel prevention methods, including phytochemicals and nanoparticles, offer sustainable alternatives to combat multidrug resistance. Recent advances in preventative approaches, such as phytochemical treatments and essential oils that mitigate antibiotic resistance, present novel opportunities for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria. A multimodal strategy incorporating severe food safety regulations, technological developments and global collaboration is required to efficiently navigate complex environment of Salmonella and restrict its impact on global food safety and public health. This review explores epidemiology, outbreaks, and novel prevention methods like phytochemicals and nanoparticles, proposing data-driven and biotechnological solutions for sustainable food systems.