PSX-3 Fatty acids supplementation alters prostaglandin synthesis in bovine trophoblast cells and embryos produced in vitro.

Abstract The increased PGE2 and PGE2/PGF2α ratio benefit in the maternal pregnancy recognition (MPR) and fatty acids (FA) alter the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of FA on the culture medium of bovine trophoblastic cells (TC-1) and embryos. In trial 1, TC-1 cells were cultured at 38.5°C with 5% CO2 in six-well culture dishes and treated with medium containing either 100µM conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), 100µM linoleic acid (LA), 100µM oleic acid (OA), 50µM eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + 50µM docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or control (without FA) for 24, 48 and 72-h, with 5 replicates. In trial 2, oocytes collected from slaughtered Nellore cows underwent in vitro maturation (IVM) for 24 hours, followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF) for 18 hours. After IVF, probable zygotes were treated with either 100 μM CLA (n=223); 100μM LA (n=227); 100μM OA (n=225); 50μM EPA + 50μM DHA (n=219) or control (n=223), with 10 replicates. ELISA determined the PGE2 and PGF2α concentrations in the culture medium. In trial 1, LA had greater (P< 0.001) PGE2 synthesis at 24-h (301.19 ± 61.83 vs. 45.59 ± 4.00 ng/mL), 48-h (272.42 ± 56.82 vs. 48.15 ± 6.59 ng/mL) and 72-h (310.58 ± 81.54 vs. 97.40 ± 22.40 ng/mL) compared to the control. PGF2α synthesis was also greater (P< 0.001) in the LA at 24-h (151.67 ± 17.01 vs. 45.89 ± 9.86 ng/mL), 48-h (112.94 ± 40.95 vs. 80.10 ± 19.10 ng/mL) and 72-h (317.67 ± 55.52 vs. 98.77 ± 21.81 ng/mL) compared to the control. In contrast, PGF2α synthesis was lower (P< 0.001) in the EPA+DHA compared to the control at 48-h (7.28 ± 0.54 vs. 45.89 ± 9.86 ng/mL) and 72-h (11.07 ± 0.71 vs. 98.77 ± 21.81 ng/mL). The PGE2/PGF2α ratio was higher (P = 0.007) in the CLA, LA, EPA+DHA compared to the control at 24-h and 48-h. In trial 2, on day 9 of embryo culture (D0 = IVF day), PGE2 synthesis was lower (P=0.0001) in the CLA and EPA + DHA compared to the control (0.2676 ± 0.0552 and 0.0920 ± 0.0082 vs. 1.1376 ± 0.2528 ng/mL). The PGF2α synthesis was higher (P=0.0001) in the LA and OA compared to the control (0.7026 ± 0.1644 and 0.4110 ± 0.0391 vs. 0.2658 ± 0.0378), but lower (P=0.0001) in the CLA and EPA + DHA compared to the control (0.7078 ± 0.0077 and 0.0570 ± 0.0046 vs. 0.2658 ± 0.0378). The PGE2/PGF2α ratio did not differ among the LA, OA, CLA, and control. The EPA + DHA group had lower (P=0.0001) PGE2/ PGF2α ratio (1.6340 ± 0.1360 vs. 3.5760 ± 0.9255) compared to the control. In conclusion, LA demonstrated the most potential in promoting MPR.