An Examination of the Conservation Philosophy in Korea’s Wooden Cultural Heritage Using HBIM – A Case Study of Geungnakbojeon Hall of Muwisa Temple, Gangjin

Abstract. This study explores the evolution of repair practices and conservation philosophy in Korean wooden heritage architecture through a detailed analysis of HBIM (Historic Building Information Modeling) data from Geungnakbojeon Hall at Muwisa Temple. As one of Korea’s representative timber structures, the hall underwent major repairs in 1956 and 1983, each reflecting differing approaches to material treatment and heritage values. HBIM was utilized to visualize replaced, restored, and reused components based on archival records and field investigations. This process revealed not only the technical aspects of past repairs but also the dissonance between conservation philosophy and practical decision-making. A key finding is the contrast in conservation attitudes: while the 1956 repairs were conducted in the name of ‘original form restoration’, they involved modifications to some components, the 1983 intervention emphasized reinforcement and partial reuse using synthetic materials. However, decisions made on-site were often driven by practicality rather than preservation principles. These inconsistencies highlight the need for value-based frameworks in future repairs. HBIM functions as a platform for comparative analysis, transparent decision-making, and simulation of multiple conservation scenarios. By integrating physical and historical data, it enables heritage professionals to assess the implications of repair choices before implementation. This approach helps ensure not only the efficiency of repair work but also the authenticity of traditional architecture. This study concludes that a systematic and reflective application of HBIM can play a central role in ensuring the sustainability and philosophical coherence of conservation efforts.