Assessing the Effects of Inadequate Sanitary Facilities and Wastewater Management on Urban Transport Infrastructure in Port Harcourt Metropolis

This study investigated the effects of inadequate sanitary facilities and poor wastewater management on urban railway transport infrastructure in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria. A total of 120 respondents participated using a structured questionnaire based on a 4-point Likert scale. Findings revealed that most railway stations lack accessible and functional toilets, with a mean score of 2.36 indicating poor sanitary facility availability. Wastewater mismanagement was also evident, with a mean score of 2.54 showing moderate acknowledgment of blocked drains, sewage overflows, and their impact on flooding and infrastructure deterioration. The perceived effect on railway infrastructure scored a mean of 2.74, confirming that poor sanitation and drainage conditions disrupt operations, weaken track foundations, and reduce service quality. Perceived government and management response scored a mean of 2.49, reflecting inadequate funding, weak policy enforcement, and limited emergency response. Based on these findings, the study recommends urgent investment in WASH infrastructure, regular maintenance, effective inter-agency coordination, and public awareness campaigns. Strengthening sanitation policies within transport planning is essential for protecting rail infrastructure and public health in urban Nigeria. Received: 19 July 2025 / Accepted: 7 September 2025 / Published: 04 October 2025