Optimizing energy consumption in passive optical networks through renewable integration

Abstract Passive optical networks (PONs) are widely recognized for their high bandwidth, scalability, and cost-effectiveness in modern broadband access systems. However, the increasing global demand for high-speed data services has led to concerns over the energy consumption and environmental impact of large-scale PON deployments. This study investigates the integration of renewable energy sources – such as solar and wind power – into PON architectures to optimize energy usage and reduce carbon emissions. A hybrid power supply model is proposed, wherein renewable energy generation is complemented by smart energy management techniques to ensure reliable operation under variable supply conditions. The research evaluates the performance of the proposed approach through simulation and analytical modeling, focusing on parameters such as power consumption, network uptime, and greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction potential. Results demonstrate that renewable-integrated PONs can achieve up to XX% reduction in grid energy consumption while maintaining quality of service (QoS) standards. This work highlights the potential of combining optical access technologies with sustainable energy solutions to enable greener, more energy-efficient communication networks.